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Rulers, Reigns, and Popes
RULERS
Rulers of
1413-1422 Henry V
1422-1461 Henry VI
1461-1483 Edward IV
1483 Edward V
1483-1485 Richard III
1485-1509 Henry VII
1509-1547 Henry VIII
1547-1553 Edward VI
1553-1558 Mary
1558-1603 Elizabeth I
Rulers of
House of Stuart
1371-1390 Robert II
1390-1406 Robert III
1406-1437 James I (1394-1437)
1437-1460 James II (1430-1460)
1460-1488 James III (1451-1488)
1488-1513 James IV (1473-1513)
1528-1542 James V (1513-1542)
1542-1567 Mary Stuart (1542-1587)
1567-1625 James VI
Sovereigns
1603-1625 James I [James VI Scotland]
1625-1649 Charles I
1660-1685 Charles II
1685-1688 James II
1689-1702 William III and Mary
1702-1714 Anne
1714-1727 George I
1727-1760 George II
Parliaments
James I 1603-25
1604-10 First Parliament
1614 Addled Parliament
1621 Business Parliament
1624 Fourth Parliament
Charles I 1625-49
1625 First Parliament
1626 Second Parliament
1628-9 Third Parliament
Apr 1640 Short Parliament
Nov 1640-9 Long Parliament
Republic 1649-53
1649-Apr 1653 Rump of Long Parliament
July-Dec 1653 Barebones Parliament
Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell 1653-1658
1654-5 First Parliament
1656-8 Second Parliament
Protectorate of Richard Cromwell 1658-1659
Jan - Apr 1659 Parliament
Republic 1659-60
May-Oct 1659 Restored Rump
Oct-Dec 1659 Army Rule
Dec 1659-Feb 1660 Rerestored Rump
Feb-Mar 1660 Secluded members added to Rump
Apr-May 1660 Convention Parliament: recalls Charles II
Charles II 1660-85
May-Dec 1660 Convention Parliament
1661-79 Cavalier or Pensioner Parliament
Mar-Jul 1679 Third Parliament
1679-81 Fourth Parliament
Apr-May 1681
James II 1685-8
1685-7 Parliament
Interregnum Dec 1688-Feb.1689
Jan-Feb 1689
Convention Parliament: declares William and Mary
sovereigns
William III and Mary II 1689-94
Feb 1689-Feb 1690 Convention Parliament
1690-5 Second Parliament
William III 1694-1702
1695-8 Third Parliament
1698-9 Fourth Parliament
Feb-Jul 1701 Fifth Parliament
1701-2 Sixth Parliament
Anne 1702-14
1702-5 First Parliament
1705-8 Second Parliament
1708-10 Third Parliament
1710-13 Fourth Parliament
1713-14 Fifth Parliament
Rulers of
1702-12 Anne
1710-14 Anne
1714 Anne
1714-15 George I
1715 George I
1715-17 George I
1717-18 George I
1718-21 George I
1721-27 George I
1727-42 George II
1742-43 George II
1743-44 George II
1744-46 George II
1746-54 George II
1754-56 George II
1756-57 George II
Archbishops of
1414-1443 Henry Chichele
1443-1452 John Stafford
1452-1454 John Kemp
1454-1486 Thomas Bourchier
1486-1500 John Morton
1501-1503 Henry Deane
1504-1532 William Warham
1533-1556 Thomas Cranmer
1556-1558 Reginald Pole
1559-1575 Matthew Parker
1576-1583 Edmund Grindal
1583-1604 John Whitgift
1604-1610 Richard Bancroft
1611-1633 George Abbot
1633-1645 William Laud
1660-1663 William Juxon
1663-1677 Gilbert Sheldon
1678-1690 William Sancroft
1691-1694 John Tillotson
1694-1715 Thomas Tenison
1716-1737 William Wake
1737-1747 John Potter
1747-1757 Thomas Herring
Holy Roman Emperors
Rulers from Different Houses
1400-1410 Rupert of
the
1411-1437 Sigismund; crowned 1433
Hapsburg Emperors
1438-1439 Albert II
1440-1493 Frederick III; crowned 1452
1493-1519 Maximilian I
1519-1556 Charles V; crowned 1520
1556-1564 Ferdinand I
1564-1576 Maximilian II
1576-1612 Rudolph II
1612-1619 Matthias
1619-1637 Ferdinand II
1637-1657 Ferdinand III
1658-1705 Leopold I
1705-1711 Joseph I
1711-1740 Charles VI
1742-1745 Charles VII of
Hapsburg-Lorraine Emperors
1745-1765 Francis I
1765-1790 Joseph II
King of
1419-1437 Sigismund
1438-1439 Albert of Habsburg
1440-1457 Vladislav Posthumous
1458-1471 George of Podebrady
1471-1516 Vladislav II
1516-1526 Louis II
1526-1564 Ferdinand I
1564-1576 Maximilian I
1576-1612 Rudolf II
1612-1619 Mathias
1619-1620
1619-1637 Ferdinand II
1637-1657 Ferdinand III
Rulers
House of
1328-1350 Philip VI
1350-1364 John II
1364-1380 Charles V
1380-1422 Charles VI
1422-1461 Charles VII
1461-1483 Louis XI
1483-1498 Charles VIII
Orlans
1498-1515 Louis XII
1515-1547 Francis I
1547-1559 Henry II
1559-1560 Francis II
1560-1574 Charles IX
1574-1589 Henry III
1589-1610 Henry IV
House of Bourbon
1589-1610 Henry IV
1610-1643 Louis XIII
1643-1715 Louis XIV
1715-1774 Louis XV
1774-1792 Louis XVI
Kings of
1701-1713 Frederick I
1713-1740 Frederick William I
1740-1786 Frederick II the Great
Rulers of
House of Rurik
1462-1505 Ivan III the Great
1505-1533 Basil III
1533-1584 Ivan IV the Terrible
1584-1598 Fedor I
1598-1605 Boris Godunov
1605 Fedor II
1605-1606 Demetrius
1606-1610 Basil
{Interregnum, 1610-1613}
House of Romanov
1623-1645 Michael Romanov
1645-1676 Alexis
1676-1682 Fedor III
1682-1689 Ivan V and Peter the Great
1689-1725 Peter the Great
1725-1727 Catherine I
1727-1730 Peter II
1730-1740 Anna
1740-1741 Ivan VI
1741-1762
Scandinavian Countries
1387-1397
Margaret, Queen of
1397-1412
Margaret and Eric VII of
1412-1439 Eric VII
1439-1440 Interregnum
1440-1448 Christopher III
House of
1448-1481 Christian I
1481-1513 John
1513-1523 Christian II
1523-1533 Frederick I
1533-1534 Interregnum
1534-1559 Christian III
1559-1588 Frederick II
1588-1648 Christian IV
1648-1670 Frederick III
1670-1699 Christian V
1699-1730 Frederick IV
1730-1746 Christian VI
1746-1766 Frederick V
Sweden
1412-1439 Eric XIII
1435-1436 Engelbrekt
1436-1440 Karl Knutsson
1440-1448
Christopher of
1448-1457 Charles VIII
1457-1464
Christian I of
1464-1465 and Charles VIII
1467-1470
1470-1503 Sten Sture the Elder
1497-1501 John II
1503-1512 Svante Sture
1512-1520 Sten Sture the Younger
1520-1523 Christian II
Vasa Dynasty
1521-1523 Gustavus I {Administrator}
1523-1560 Gustavus I {King}
1560-1568 Eric XIV
1568-1592 John III
1592-1604 Sigismund
1599-1604 Charles IX {Regent}
1604-1611 Charles IX {King}
1611-1632 Gustavus II
1632-1654 Christina
Palatinate Dynasty
1654-1660 Charles X Gustavus
1660-1697 Charles XI
1697-1718 Charles XII
1718-1720 Ulrica Eleanora
1720-1751
Frederick I of
Rulers of
1479-1504
Ferdinand II of Aragon &
Isabella of
1504-1506 Philip I and Juanna
1506-1516 Ferdinand V
House of Hapsburg
1516-1556 Charles I
1556-1598 Philip II
1598-1621 Philip III
1621-1665 Philip IV
1665-1700 Charles II
House of Bourbon
1700-1724 Philip V
1724 Louis I
1724-1746 Philip V {again}
1746-1759 Ferdinand VI
Rulers of
House of Aviz
1385-1433 John
1433-1438 Edward
1438-1481 Alfonso V
1481-1495 John II
1495-1521 Emanuel
1521-1557 John III
1557-1578 Sebastian
1578-1580 Henry
Under Spanish Domination
1580-1598 Philip I
1598-1621 Philip II
1621-1640 Philip III
House of Braganza
1640-1656 John IV
1656-1683 Alfonso VI
1683-1706 Peter II
1706-1750 John V
The
Princes of
1579-1584 William I
1587-1625 Maurice
1625-1647 Frederick Henry
1647-1650 William II
1650-1672 Stadholdership suspended
1653-1672 Jan De Witt {Grand Pensionary}
1672-1702
William of
1702-1747 Stadholdership suspended
1747-1751 William IV
1751-1795 William V
1558-1564 Ferdinand I
1564-1576 Maximilian II
1572-1608 Rudolph II
1575-1611
of
1608-1619
Matthias II of
1611-1619
1619-1635 Ferdinand II
1635-1657 Ferdinand III
1658-1705 Leopold I
1705-1711 Joseph I
1711-1740 Charles III
1740-1780 Maria Theresa
Rulers of
1437-1439 Albert
1440-1444 Wladislas I
1444-1457 Wladislas {Posthumous}
1458-1490 Mathias I
1490-1516 Wladislas II
1516-1526 Louis II
1526-1540 John Zapolya
1526-1564 Ferdinand I
1564-1576 Maximilian
1576-1608 Rudolf
1608-1619 Mathias II
1619-1637 Ferdinand II
1637-1657 Ferdinand III
Rulers of
1386-1434 Wladyslaw II
1434-1444 Wladyslaw III
1447-1492 Casimir IV
1492-1501 John Albert
1501-1506 Alexander
1506-1548 Sigismund I
1548-1572 Sigismund II
1574-1575
Henry of
1576-1586 Stephen Bathory
1587-1632 Sigismund III, Vasa
1632-1648 Wladyslaw IV
1648-1668 John Casimir
Popes
1447-1455 Nicholas V
Tommaso Parentucelli (1397-1455)
1455-1458 Callistus III Alfonso de Borgia (1378-1458)
1458-1464 Pius II Enea Silvio Piccolomini (1405-1464)
1464-1471 Paul II Pietro Barbo (1417-1474)
1471-1484 Sixtus IV Francesco della Rovere (1414-1484)
1484-1492 Innocent VIII Giovanni Battista Cibi (1432-1492)
1492-1503 Alexander VI Rodrigo de Borja y Borja (1431-1503)
1503 Pius
III
Francesco Todeschini [Piccolomini]
(1439-1503)
1503-1513 Julius II Giuliano della Rovere (1453-1513)
1513-1521 Leo X Giovanni de' Medici 1475-1521)
1522-1523 Adrian VI Adrian Florensz [Dedal] (1459-1523)
1523-1534 Clement VII Giulio de' Medici (1479-1534)
1534-1549 Paul III Alessandro Farnese (1468-1549)
1550-1555 Julius III
Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte
(1487-1555)
1555 Marcellus II Marcello Cervini (1501-1555)
1555-1559 Paul IV Giam Pietro Caraffa (1476-1559)
1559-1565 Pius IV Giovanni Angelo Medici (1499-1565)
1566-1572 Pius V [Saint] Antonio Michele Ghislieri (1504-1572)
1572-1585 Gregory XIII Ugo Boncompagni (1502-1590)
1585-1590 Sixtus V Felice Peretti (1520-1590)
1590 Urban VII Giambattista Castagna (1521-1590)
1590-1591 Gregory XIV Niccoli Sfondrati (1535-1591)
1591 Innocent IX Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti (1519-1591)
1592-1605 Clement VIII Ippolito Aldobrandini (1536-1605)
1605 Leo
XI
Alesandro Ottaviano de' Medici
(1535-1605)
1605-1621 Paul V Camillo Borghese (1552-1621)
1621-1623 Gregory XV Alessandro Ludovisi (1554-1623)
1623-1644 Urban VIII Maffeo Barberini (1568-1644)
1644-1655 Innocent X Giambattista Pamfili (1574-1655)
1655-1667 Alexander VII Fabio Chigi (1599-1667)
1667-1669 Clement IX Giulio Rospigliosi (1600-1669)
1670-1676 Clement X Emilio Altieri (1590-1676)
1676-1689 Innocent XI Benedetto Odescalchi (1611-1689)
1689-1691 Alexander VIII Pietro Ottoboni (1610-1691)
1691-1700 Innocent XII Antonio Pignatelli (1615-1700)
1700-1721 Clement XI Giovanni Francesco Albani (1549-1721)
1721-1724 Innocent XIII Michelangelo dei Conti (1655-1724)
1724-1730 Benedict XIII Pietro Francesco Orsini (1649-1730)
1730-1740 Clement XII Lorenzo Corsini (1652-1740)
1740-1758 Benedict XIV Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini (1675-1758)