Children (Ichimatsu)
Kimekomi, Gosho
Storytelling Dolls 
Dolls depicting storytellers, actors, dancers, and  or "tableaux" from familiar tales (often also retold in Noh plays)
Boys' Day
Girls' Day
Babies
Others
 
This gentleman seems to be Fukusuku, a storyteller with a very high forehead to hold all his tales. 
Here is his friend, the storyteller, ready to embroider a tale with expert gestures of his fan. Both these dolls probably date from the turn of the century.
"Butterfly dancers" with their drums on a delightful little stage in front of a lacquer backdrop! A dance of children dressed as birds and butterflies is described in the Tale of Genji. These dolls probably date from the early 1930s (based on a newspaper in the box) and, like Jo and Uba, are made very much like Hina dolls.
 
 
    This couple are Jo and Uba, the old man and woman representing the spiritual love of two pine trees in the Noh play Takasago. This is one of the most common subjects for story dolls, as it was considered an appropriate wedding gift.  She sweeps out the bad, he rakes in the good, so they enact a proverb as well as recalling the play.  

For an online translation of the play, see:    
Takasago tr. by Royall Tyler

A delightful little boy in scanty clothing dances in a Sambaso hat and wields his  bells (the fan and base are not original). The Sambaso dance was adapted from a Noh play, where it is danced by an old man. 
 
 
This beautiful boy in a kimono painted with cranes and pine trees (symbols of long life, as in the Takasago story above) seems also to be a Sambaso dancer, though I have given him a wooden sword instead of a rattle or drum.
 
I don't really know who these men are, nor whether they lift their sticks to beat each other or to beat a drum. Clothing and hairstyles seem to suggest courtiers.
Here's a small dancer--again, I don't know what his purpose is, but note the cloud and devil mask in his hand!
The elegant modern doll at left represents a Noh actor in a woman's role--like the lovely silk wrapping-cloth (from 1958) behind him. The mask, which is delicately finished in gofun, can be removed, to see the actor's own flesh-colored face (below).